- \n
- Direct Replacement for DVR301<\/li>\n
- Three-stage Battery Charging<\/li>\n
- Longer Battery Life<\/li>\n
- Reduced Failure to Start Events<\/li>\n
- Faster Charging<\/li>\n
- Reduced Water Consumption<\/li>\n
- Simple Installation<\/li>\n
- Compatible with Flooded Lead Acid, and Valve
Regulated Lead Acid<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_5″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||” _i=”1″ _address=”1.0.1″][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.enerpro-inc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/DVR31.jpg” alt=”DVR31″ align_tablet=”center” align_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”3.26.7″ max_width=”75%” border_width_all=”1px” border_color_all=”rgba(51,51,51,0.09)” box_shadow_style=”preset1″ box_shadow_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0.06)” _i=”0″ _address=”1.0.1.0″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.26.6″ text_font=”||||||||” text_line_height=”2.2em” width=”100%” global_module=”131458″ saved_tabs=”all” _i=”1″ _address=”1.0.1.1″]\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.enerpro-inc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/PDF-icon22h.png\")
\u00a0Product Guide<\/a>
\n Mechanical Drawing<\/a><\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_sidebar area=”et_pb_widget_area_2″ _builder_version=”3.26″ _i=”2″ _address=”1.0.1.2″][\/et_pb_sidebar][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.25″ _i=”1″ _address=”1.1″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||” _i=”0″ _address=”1.1.0″][et_pb_toggle title=”Technical Details ” icon_color=”#268ec5″ _builder_version=”3.26.7″ title_text_color=”#000000″ title_font=”||||||||” title_font_size=”20px” body_font=”||||||||” background_color=”#ffffff” custom_padding=”2vw|3vw|2vw|3vw|true|true” border_radii=”on|10px|10px|10px|10px” box_shadow_style=”preset1″ box_shadow_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0.12)” _i=”0″ _address=”1.1.0.0″]\nSingle-Stage Charging with the DVR301 Module<\/span><\/h3>\n
Operators report that locomotives that are shut down and restarted multiple times per day due to fuel cost or pollution regulations experience a premature loss of battery capacity. \u00a0This problem is caused by the one-stage charge profile provided by the conventional DVR301 auxiliary generator regulator.<\/p>\n
With one-stage charging, as shown in the voltage and current vs. time profile in Figure 1, the auxiliary generator voltage is regulated to a constant 74 Vdc (typical).\u00a0 Charging current is limited by the cable resistance of about 20 m\u03a9 between the generator and battery augmented by a 50 m\u03a9 resistor, bringing the total resistance to about 70 m\u03a9.\u00a0 With the generator at a constant 74 V, the battery terminal voltage at 125 A is about 74 V \u2013 125 A * 0.07\u03a9 = 66 V.\u00a0 As charge proceeds, the charging current decreases and the battery voltage increases.\u00a0 After several hours of operation with the engine running, the current may have fallen to 30 A which results in a battery voltage of 74 V \u2013 30 A * 0.07 \u03a9 = 72 V.\u00a0 If the engine is shut down at this time, the final charging voltage will be 6 V less than the 78 V (2.44 Volts per cell) required for a complete recharge.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.enerpro-inc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Fig1OneStageChargeProfile.jpg\")
<\/p>\nFigure 1 \u2013 One-Stage Charge Profile<\/strong><\/p>\n
Battery manufacturers recommend applying 2.44 Volts per cell, or 78 Vdc for a 32 cell battery, during recharge for a time sufficient to remove the amorphous lead sulfate (PbSO4<\/sub>) that accumulated on the plates during the previous discharge. If the lead sulfate is not completely removed before charging is terminated by engine shut down, the sulfate coating on the plates thickens and crystallizes, becoming less conductive with each charge-discharge cycle.\u00a0 The result is that the battery progressively loses its ability to accept charge \u2013 a process called sulfation.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.enerpro-inc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Fig2ThreeStageChargeProfile.jpg\")
<\/p>\nThree-Stage Charge Profile<\/strong><\/p>\n
As shown in Figure 2, the three-stage charge profile produced by the DVR31 regulates the first, or bulk stage, current to about 20% of the battery\u2019s capacity per manufacturers\u2019 recommendations.\u00a0 In the second, or absorption stage, the rectifier voltage is regulated to 78 V. This elevated voltage converts the maximum amount of active battery material while equalizing the charge in each cell, thus minimizing sulfation and capacity loss. In the third, or float stage, the DVR31 maintains voltage regulation but at a lower setpoint (72 V). In this mode, the battery draws only a little more than the self-discharge current required to maintain full charge.<\/p>\n
Figure 2 \u2013 Three-Stage Charge Profile<\/strong><\/p>\n
The result is negligible loss of electrolyte in the float stage.\u00a0 This benefit is especially important with Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) batteries.<\/p>\n
Bulk Stage<\/strong><\/p>\n
Upon engine start, the DVR31 commands a bulk stage current of 90 amps.\u00a0 The battery behaves as a capacitor in that the constant charging current results in battery voltage increasing with time. The bulk stage ends when the voltage reaches the 78 V limit.\u00a0 When charging from a low initial state of charge, approximately 80% of capacity is stored in the bulk stage. The characteristic response of the voltage and current regulators provide the transition between the bulk and absorption stages.<\/p>\n
Absorption Stage\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n
With voltage fixed at 78 V, the battery current in the second stage decays approximately exponentially with time from the initial bulk stage current until one of two absorption stage termination criteria are met.\u00a0 These criteria are:<\/p>\n
- \n
- either the steady-state absorption stage current falls to typically 25 A, or<\/li>\n
- the second derivative of battery charge, d2<\/sup>Q\/dt2<\/sup>, falls below a preset threshold.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Typically, 95% of battery capacity is stored if the engine runs long enough for the charge process to reach the end of the absorption stage.<\/p>\n
Forcing the absorption-to-float transition to occur as a function of the second derivative of charge (a patent-pending methodology) provides a form of inherent temperature compensation.\u00a0 Current in this stage decreases less rapidly with increased battery temperature.\u00a0 As a result, higher temperature causes the charge limit to be reached in shorter time.\u00a0 This is what would happen if the absorption stage voltage were to be decreased with increasing temperature. Transitioning from the absorption to the float stage as a function of the second derivative of charge also assures that a shorted cell or other battery defect will not result in continuous operation at elevated voltage.<\/p>\n
A comparator monitors the battery current feedback signal and forces the float transition when the current is less than 25 A. A voltage-to-frequency converter and microcontroller perform the d2<\/sup>Q\/dt2<\/sup> computation.<\/p>\n
For VRLA batteries the absorption stage voltage is reduced to 76 V per manufacturers\u2019 typical recommendations.<\/p>\n
Float Stage<\/strong><\/p>\n
The voltage regulator holds the rectifier voltage at 72 V (2.22 Vpc) as a result of a change in the voltage command from 78 V to 72 V when one of the two absorption\/float transition criteria is met. This allows the battery to draw the required self-discharge current. This voltage is maintained until engine stops. Electrolyte loss is negligible in the float stage.<\/p>\n
DVR31 Functional Description
<\/strong><\/p>\nField Circuit Breaker Connection
<\/strong>The DVR31 trips the external 15A field circuit breaker on overvoltage at 118 V rectifier voltage to prevent damage to the control circuit and equipment connected to the rectifier bus. The DVR31 is capable of tripping the original circuit breaker installed on the locomotive; no new hardware is required.<\/p>\nDVR31 Circuitry
<\/strong>The DVR31 contains the following circuits:<\/p>\n- \n
- Low voltage regulated power supply<\/li>\n
- PWM field chopper controller and transistor<\/li>\n
- Voltage and current error amplifiers<\/li>\n
- Rectifier voltage, battery voltage, and battery current scaled outputs for data logger connections<\/li>\n
- Loss of current sensor indicator LED<\/li>\n
- Charge state indicator LEDs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/p>\n
Low Voltage Power Supply <\/strong><\/p>\n
The low voltage power supply provides +12 V control power to the circuit board via a regulated buck switch mode converter connected to the locomotive battery via an external 5.7 ohm resistor. The +5 V control reference is generated by the PWM IC.<\/p>\n
Voltage and Current Regulation
<\/em><\/strong>Separate voltage and current control loops provide regulation.\u00a0 Current is limited to the commanded value when charging current exceeds the current setpoint.\u00a0 Similarly, voltage is limited when the generator voltage exceeds the voltage setpoint. The absorption stage voltage command is adjusted by a board-mounted potentiometer.\u00a0 Voltage is limited to the absorption level of 78 V after the bulk stage current reaches the current setpoint.\u00a0 After the absorption\/float stage transition, the voltage command is reduced to produce the 72 V float voltage.<\/p>\nShorted PWM Transistor Protection<\/strong><\/p>\n
At high engine speed, the auxiliary generator will produce dangerously high voltage if the PWM transistor shorts or is turned on continuously due to a component failure.\u00a0 In this event, an over-voltage comparator trips the external breaker if the auxiliary generator voltage exceeds the over-voltage trip threshold.\u00a0 This threshold is provisionally set at 118 V.<\/p>\n
Loss of Current Feedback Protection<\/strong><\/p>\n
An open circuit signal or loss of power to the current sensor causes the current signal input to the DVR31 to default to a higher than normal level.\u00a0 A circuit on the control board senses this condition and forces the regulator into the 72 V float mode while indicating a current sensor fault on the front panel after a brief (approximate 10 second) dead time<\/p>\n
Enable\/Inhibit<\/strong><\/p>\n
No computer interface is required to enable the DVR31.\u00a0 As described above, the DVR31 is directly powered from the locomotive battery and commences the bulk stage charge immediately after the engine starts.\u00a0 The DVR31 shuts down and resets each time the engine is turned off.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_toggle][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_class=”customfooter” _builder_version=”3.26″ background_color=”#2A2A2A” min_height=”458px” custom_padding=”||0px|||” global_module=”131558″ saved_tabs=”all” fb_built=”1″ _i=”3″ _address=”3″][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_5,1_5,1_5,1_5,1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26″ width=”90%” max_width=”1440px” _i=”0″ _address=”2.0″][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26″ _i=”0″ _address=”2.0.0″][et_pb_text module_id=”customfoot” _builder_version=”3.29.2″ text_text_color=”#ffffff” text_font_size=”13px” text_line_height=”1.9em” header_4_text_color=”#ffffff” header_4_font_size=”16px” header_4_line_height=”1.2em” _i=”0″ _address=”2.0.0.0″]\n
UNITED STATES<\/h4>\n
Enerpro, Inc.
Global Headquarters
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Goleta, CA 93117<\/p>\ninfo@enerpro-inc.com<\/a>
https:\/\/www.enerpro-inc.com<\/a><\/p>\nToll Free: (877) 648-2114
Tel: (805) 683-2114
Fax: (805) 964-0798<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26″ _i=”1″ _address=”2.0.1″][et_pb_text module_id=”customfoot” _builder_version=”3.27.4″ text_text_color=”#ffffff” text_font_size=”13px” text_line_height=”1.9em” header_4_text_color=”#ffffff” header_4_font_size=”16px” header_4_line_height=”1.2em” _i=”0″ _address=”2.0.1.0″]\nCANADA<\/h4>\n
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Canada<\/p>\nsales@ictpower.com<\/a>
http:\/\/www.ictpower.com<\/a><\/p>\nTel: 905.631.8494
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Jose Guadalupe Posada 1413\u00a0col. Satelite
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<\/a>Tel: +52 (222) 2343406
Fax: +52 (222) 2344205<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26″ _i=”3″ _address=”2.0.3″][et_pb_text module_id=”customfoot” _builder_version=”3.27.4″ text_text_color=”#ffffff” text_font_size=”13px” text_line_height=”1.9em” header_4_text_color=”#ffffff” header_4_font_size=”16px” header_4_line_height=”1.2em” _i=”0″ _address=”2.0.3.0″]\nUNITED KINGDOM<\/h4>\n
Andrew Chettle
Power Products International Limited
Commerce Way
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<\/a>http:\/\/www.ppi-uk.com<\/a>
Tel: 01732 866424
Fax: 01732 866399<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26″ _i=”4″ _address=”2.0.4″][et_pb_text module_id=”customfoot” _builder_version=”3.27.4″ text_text_color=”#ffffff” text_font_size=”13px” text_line_height=”1.9em” header_4_text_color=”#ffffff” header_4_font_size=”16px” header_4_line_height=”1.2em” _i=”0″ _address=”2.0.4.0″]\nITALY, SLOVENIA, SLOVAKIA, CZECH REPUBLIC<\/h4>\n
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G.P.S. \u2013 Green Power Solutions SRL
Via Venezia 34D
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Italy<\/p>\ninfo@gpsemi.it<\/a>
http:\/\/www.gpsemi.it<\/a>
Tel: +39 011 9882251
Fax: +39 011 9881358<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_5,1_5,1_5,1_5,1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″ width=”90%” max_width=”1440px” _i=”1″ _address=”2.1″][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26″ _i=”0″ _address=”2.1.0″][et_pb_text module_id=”customfoot” _builder_version=”3.29.2″ text_text_color=”#ffffff” text_font_size=”13px” text_line_height=”1.6em” header_4_text_color=”#ffffff” header_4_font_size=”16px” header_4_line_height=”1.2em” _i=”0″ _address=”2.1.0.0″]\nTECHNICAL SUPPORT<\/h4>\n
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\nIn-Service Support
\nToll Free: (877) 648-2114
\n(805) 683-2114
\nsupport@enerpro-inc.com<\/a><\/p>\nSales Policy<\/a>
\nRMA Policy<\/a>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26″ _i=”1″ _address=”2.1.1″][et_pb_text module_id=”customfoot” _builder_version=”3.27.4″ text_text_color=”#ffffff” text_font_size=”13px” text_line_height=”1.9em” header_4_text_color=”#ffffff” header_4_font_size=”16px” header_4_line_height=”1.2em” _i=”0″ _address=”2.1.1.0″]\nSCANDINAVIA<\/h4>\n
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Tel: +47 69 23 29 00
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Mob: +47 95 11 81 82<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26″ _i=”2″ _address=”2.1.2″][et_pb_text module_id=”customfoot” _builder_version=”3.27.4″ text_text_color=”#ffffff” text_font_size=”13px” text_line_height=”1.9em” header_4_text_color=”#ffffff” header_4_font_size=”16px” header_4_line_height=”1.2em” _i=”0″ _address=”2.1.2.0″]\nSOUTH AMERICA<\/h4>\n
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Av. Holanda 099, Oficina 1101
Providencia, Santiago, Chile<\/p>\ncontact@andescpa.com<\/a>
http:\/\/andescpa.com\/<\/a>
Tel: +56 2 2306 6202<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26″ _i=”3″ _address=”2.1.3″][et_pb_text module_id=”customfoot” _builder_version=”3.27.4″ text_text_color=”#ffffff” text_font_size=”13px” text_line_height=”1.9em” header_4_text_color=”#ffffff” header_4_font_size=”16px” header_4_line_height=”1.2em” _i=”0″ _address=”2.1.3.0″]\nTHAILAND, MALAYSIA, VIETNAM, PHILIPPINES<\/h4>\n
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CBC International Limited
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Thailand<\/p>\nakom@cbcinter.co.th<\/a>
http:\/\/www.cbcinter.com<\/a>
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<\/a><\/strong><\/strong>Tel: 662 902 6106-9
Fax: 662 914-3009<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”3.26″ _i=”4″ _address=”2.1.4″][et_pb_text module_id=”customfoot” _builder_version=”3.27.4″ text_text_color=”#ffffff” text_font_size=”13px” text_line_height=”1.9em” header_4_text_color=”#ffffff” header_4_font_size=”16px” header_4_line_height=”1.2em” _i=”0″ _address=”2.1.4.0″]\nHONG KONG, MACAU, CHINA (PRC)<\/h4>\n
Jane Lu
Bonning Asia Co., Ltd
Room 1604, Arion Commercial Centre
2-12 Queen\u2019s Road, West
Hong Kong<\/p>\njanelu2000@yahoo.com<\/a>
http:\/\/www.shjdn.com<\/a>
Tel: 852 2543 0186
Fax: 852 2542 2114
Mob: 852 9379 8172<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Enerpro\u2019s DVR31 3-stage charge auxiliary generator voltage regulator module is a direct plug-in replacement for the DVR301 1-stage charge auxiliary generator voltage regulator modules used in EMD locomotives. The DVR31 utilizes a battery current sensor to provide a battery manufacturer recommended 3-stage battery charge profile resulting in longer battery life, reduced dead won’t starts, and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":29731,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.enerpro-inc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/DVR31_pic.png\")
Product Guide<\/a>
Mechanical Drawing<\/a><\/div>Enerpro\u2019s DVR31 Auxiliary Generator Voltage and Current Regulator Module with Three-Stage Charging is a direct plug-in replacement for the DVR301 auxiliary generator voltage regulator modules used in EMD locomotives. In conjunction with an external current sensor, the DVR31 provides three-stage battery charging for longer battery life, faster charging, and reduced water consumption in flooded lead acid (FLA) batteries. The DVR31 is compatible with valve regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries and both ac and dc auxiliary generator equipped locomotives.<\/p>
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